Pendaftaran pengguna uji mengalir secara end-to-end – bahkan ketika CAPTCHA memblokir otomatisasi pengujian Anda.
Mengapa Pengujian Registrasi Membutuhkan Pemecahan CAPTCHA
Formulir pendaftaran hampir selalu dilindungi CAPTCHA untuk mencegah akun bot. Tim QA perlu:
- Verifikasi alur pendaftaran berfungsi dalam pementasan dan produksi
- Kasus uji coba (email duplikat, kata sandi lemah, kolom hilang)
- Jalankan uji regresi pada setiap penerapan
- Validasi penempatan CAPTCHA tidak merusak formulir
Arsitektur Uji
┌──────────┐ ┌───────────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌────────────┐
│ Test Data │────▶│ Fill Form + │────▶│ Solve │────▶│ Verify │
│ Generator │ │ Edge Cases │ │ CAPTCHA │ │ Account │
└──────────┘ └───────────────┘ └────────────┘ └────────────┘
Implementasi
Uji Penghasil Data
import random
import string
import time
class TestUser:
def __init__(self, prefix="test"):
ts = int(time.time())
rand = ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_lowercase, k=4))
self.first_name = f"{prefix}_{rand}"
self.last_name = "User"
self.email = f"{prefix}_{ts}_{rand}@testmail.example.com"
self.username = f"{prefix}_{ts}_{rand}"
self.password = f"Test!{ts}{rand.upper()}"
def as_dict(self):
return {
"first_name": self.first_name,
"last_name": self.last_name,
"email": self.email,
"username": self.username,
"password": self.password,
}
Penguji Pendaftaran
import time
import requests
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
class CaptchaSolver:
BASE = "https://ocr.captchaai.com"
def __init__(self, api_key):
self.api_key = api_key
def solve_recaptcha(self, sitekey, pageurl):
return self._solve({
"method": "userrecaptcha",
"googlekey": sitekey,
"pageurl": pageurl,
})
def solve_turnstile(self, sitekey, pageurl):
return self._solve({
"method": "turnstile",
"sitekey": sitekey,
"pageurl": pageurl,
})
def _solve(self, params, initial_wait=10):
params["key"] = self.api_key
params["json"] = 1
resp = requests.post(f"{self.BASE}/in.php", data=params).json()
if resp["status"] != 1:
raise Exception(resp["request"])
task_id = resp["request"]
time.sleep(initial_wait)
for _ in range(60):
result = requests.get(
f"{self.BASE}/res.php",
params={"key": self.api_key, "action": "get", "id": task_id, "json": 1},
).json()
if result["request"] == "CAPCHA_NOT_READY":
time.sleep(5)
continue
if result["status"] == 1:
return result["request"]
raise Exception(result["request"])
raise TimeoutError("Timed out")
class RegistrationTester:
def __init__(self, api_key, base_url):
self.solver = CaptchaSolver(api_key)
self.base_url = base_url
self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10)
self.results = []
def _fill(self, selector, value):
el = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, selector)))
el.clear()
el.send_keys(value)
def _solve_captcha(self):
html = self.driver.page_source
page_url = self.driver.current_url
# Turnstile
turnstile = self.driver.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".cf-turnstile")
if turnstile:
sitekey = turnstile[0].get_attribute("data-sitekey")
token = self.solver.solve_turnstile(sitekey, page_url)
self.driver.execute_script(
f'document.querySelector("[name=cf-turnstile-response]").value = "{token}";'
)
return
# reCAPTCHA
recaptcha = self.driver.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "[data-sitekey]")
if recaptcha and "recaptcha" in html.lower():
sitekey = recaptcha[0].get_attribute("data-sitekey")
token = self.solver.solve_recaptcha(sitekey, page_url)
self.driver.execute_script(
f'document.querySelector("[name=g-recaptcha-response]").value = "{token}";'
)
def _get_errors(self):
"""Collect any visible error messages on the page."""
error_selectors = [
".error", ".alert-danger", ".form-error",
"[role='alert']", ".validation-error",
]
errors = []
for sel in error_selectors:
for el in self.driver.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, sel):
text = el.text.strip()
if text:
errors.append(text)
return errors
def _check_success(self):
"""Check if registration succeeded."""
html = self.driver.page_source.lower()
url = self.driver.current_url.lower()
success_indicators = [
"welcome", "account created", "verify your email",
"registration successful", "thank you for registering",
]
return any(ind in html or ind in url for ind in success_indicators)
# --- Test Cases ---
def test_valid_registration(self):
"""Test: Valid registration should succeed."""
user = TestUser()
self.driver.get(f"{self.base_url}/register")
self._fill("[name='firstName'], #first-name", user.first_name)
self._fill("[name='lastName'], #last-name", user.last_name)
self._fill("[name='email'], #email", user.email)
self._fill("[name='username'], #username", user.username)
self._fill("[name='password'], #password", user.password)
confirm_fields = self.driver.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "[name='confirmPassword'], #confirm-password")
if confirm_fields:
confirm_fields[0].clear()
confirm_fields[0].send_keys(user.password)
self._solve_captcha()
self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button[type='submit']").click()
time.sleep(3)
success = self._check_success()
self.results.append({
"test": "valid_registration",
"passed": success,
"user": user.email,
"errors": self._get_errors() if not success else [],
})
return success
def test_duplicate_email(self):
"""Test: Duplicate email should show error."""
user = TestUser()
# First registration
self.driver.get(f"{self.base_url}/register")
self._fill("[name='email'], #email", user.email)
self._fill("[name='password'], #password", user.password)
self._fill("[name='firstName'], #first-name", user.first_name)
self._solve_captcha()
self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button[type='submit']").click()
time.sleep(3)
# Second registration with same email
self.driver.get(f"{self.base_url}/register")
self._fill("[name='email'], #email", user.email)
self._fill("[name='password'], #password", user.password)
self._fill("[name='firstName'], #first-name", "Duplicate")
self._solve_captcha()
self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button[type='submit']").click()
time.sleep(3)
errors = self._get_errors()
has_error = len(errors) > 0 or not self._check_success()
self.results.append({
"test": "duplicate_email",
"passed": has_error,
"errors": errors,
})
return has_error
def test_weak_password(self):
"""Test: Weak password should be rejected."""
user = TestUser()
self.driver.get(f"{self.base_url}/register")
self._fill("[name='email'], #email", user.email)
self._fill("[name='password'], #password", "123") # Weak password
self._fill("[name='firstName'], #first-name", user.first_name)
self._solve_captcha()
self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button[type='submit']").click()
time.sleep(3)
errors = self._get_errors()
rejected = len(errors) > 0 or not self._check_success()
self.results.append({
"test": "weak_password",
"passed": rejected,
"errors": errors,
})
return rejected
def run_all(self):
"""Run all registration tests."""
tests = [
self.test_valid_registration,
self.test_duplicate_email,
self.test_weak_password,
]
for test_fn in tests:
try:
test_fn()
except Exception as e:
self.results.append({
"test": test_fn.__name__,
"passed": False,
"errors": [str(e)],
})
return self.results
def report(self):
passed = sum(1 for r in self.results if r["passed"])
total = len(self.results)
lines = [f"Registration Tests: {passed}/{total} passed", "-" * 40]
for r in self.results:
status = "PASS" if r["passed"] else "FAIL"
lines.append(f" [{status}] {r['test']}")
if r.get("errors"):
for err in r["errors"]:
lines.append(f" {err}")
return "\n".join(lines)
def close(self):
self.driver.quit()
Penggunaan
tester = RegistrationTester("YOUR_API_KEY", "https://staging.example.com")
try:
tester.run_all()
print(tester.report())
finally:
tester.close()
Keluaran:
Registration Tests: 3/3 passed
----------------------------------------
[PASS] valid_registration
[PASS] duplicate_email
[PASS] weak_password
Integrasi dengan pytest
import pytest
@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
def tester():
t = RegistrationTester("YOUR_API_KEY", "https://staging.example.com")
yield t
t.close()
def test_valid_registration(tester):
assert tester.test_valid_registration(), "Valid registration should succeed"
def test_duplicate_email_rejected(tester):
assert tester.test_duplicate_email(), "Duplicate email should be rejected"
def test_weak_password_rejected(tester):
assert tester.test_weak_password(), "Weak password should be rejected"
Pemecahan Masalah
| Masalah | Penyebab | Solusi |
|---|---|---|
| Pendaftaran berhasil tetapi tes menyatakan gagal | Indikator keberhasilan tidak cocok | Tambahkan teks sukses situs Anda ke _check_success() |
| CAPTCHA tidak terdeteksi | CAPTCHA dimuat setelah delay | Tambahkan time.sleep(2) sebelum _solve_captcha() |
| Field tidak ditemukan | Struktur HTML berbeda | Perbarui CSS selector untuk situs Anda |
| Token kedaluwarsa | Diselesaikan terlalu awal | Pindahkan _solve_captcha() lebih dekat ke submit |
Pertanyaan Umum
Bagaimana cara menguji pendaftaran di situs yang bukan milik saya?
Panduan ini untuk menguji aplikasi Anda sendiri. Hanya otomatiskan pendaftaran di situs yang izin pengujiannya Anda miliki.
Bisakah saya menjalankan tes ini di CI/CD?
Ya. Gunakan Chrome headless (options.add_argument("--headless")) dan set kunci API sebagai variabel lingkungan CI.
Bagaimana cara membersihkan akun pengujian?
Tambahkan langkah pembongkaran yang menghapus akun pengujian melalui API admin Anda, atau gunakan konvensi penamaan (test_*) untuk memudahkan identifikasi dan pembersihan massal.
Panduan Terkait
- Penanganan CAPTCHA pada Pengiriman Formulir Otomatis
- Penanganan CAPTCHA dalam Pengujian CI/CD
Uji alur pendaftaran tanpa hambatan CAPTCHA — gunakan CaptchaAI.
