Penanganan CAPTCHA dalam Pengujian Integrasi Berkelanjutan

Jalankan pengujian menyeluruh terhadap halaman yang dilindungi CAPTCHA di saluran CI/CD Anda — tidak diperlukan intervensi manual.

Masalahnya

Pipeline CI/CD berjalan secara otomatis. CAPTCHA memerlukan interaksi manusia. Tanpa layanan penyelesaian, pengujian end-to-end Anda akan gagal setiap kali mencapai CAPTCHA.

Solusi: Gunakan API CaptchaAI di rangkaian pengujian Anda. Kunci API disimpan sebagai secret CI, dan pengujian memecahkan CAPTCHA secara otomatis selama eksekusi pipeline.

Arsitektur

┌──────────────┐     ┌──────────────┐     ┌────────────┐     ┌──────────────┐
│ Git Push     │────▶│ CI Runner    │────▶│ E2E Tests  │────▶│ Test Report  │
│              │     │ (headless    │     │ + CAPTCHA  │     │              │
│              │     │  Chrome)     │     │ solving    │     │              │
└──────────────┘     └──────────────┘     └────────────┘     └──────────────┘
                                                │
                                                ▼
                                         ┌────────────┐
                                         │ CaptchaAI  │
                                         │ API        │
                                         └────────────┘

Pembantu Tes

import os
import time
import requests


class CICaptchaSolver:
    """CAPTCHA solver designed for CI environments."""
    BASE = "https://ocr.captchaai.com"

    def __init__(self):
        self.api_key = os.environ.get("CAPTCHAAI_API_KEY")
        if not self.api_key:
            raise EnvironmentError("CAPTCHAAI_API_KEY not set")

    def solve(self, params, initial_wait=10, timeout=120):
        params["key"] = self.api_key
        params["json"] = 1
        resp = requests.post(f"{self.BASE}/in.php", data=params).json()
        if resp["status"] != 1:
            raise Exception(f"CAPTCHA submit failed: {resp['request']}")

        task_id = resp["request"]
        time.sleep(initial_wait)
        deadline = time.time() + timeout

        while time.time() < deadline:
            result = requests.get(
                f"{self.BASE}/res.php",
                params={"key": self.api_key, "action": "get", "id": task_id, "json": 1},
            ).json()
            if result["request"] == "CAPCHA_NOT_READY":
                time.sleep(5)
                continue
            if result["status"] == 1:
                return result["request"]
            raise Exception(f"CAPTCHA solve failed: {result['request']}")

        raise TimeoutError("CAPTCHA solve timed out in CI")

    def solve_recaptcha(self, sitekey, pageurl):
        return self.solve({
            "method": "userrecaptcha",
            "googlekey": sitekey,
            "pageurl": pageurl,
        })

    def solve_turnstile(self, sitekey, pageurl):
        return self.solve({
            "method": "turnstile",
            "sitekey": sitekey,
            "pageurl": pageurl,
        })

Integrasi paling sederhana

konflik.py

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options


@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def captcha_solver():
    return CICaptchaSolver()


@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
def browser():
    options = Options()
    options.add_argument("--headless")
    options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
    options.add_argument("--disable-dev-shm-usage")
    options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
    driver.set_window_size(1920, 1080)
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

Berkas Uji

import time
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC


class TestLoginFlow:
    SITEKEY = "6Le-wvkSAAAAAPBMRTvw0Q4Muexq9bi0DJwx_mJ-"
    LOGIN_URL = "https://staging.staging.example.com/qa-login"

    def test_login_with_captcha(self, browser, captcha_solver):
        browser.get(self.LOGIN_URL)

        # Fill credentials
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "username").send_keys("testuser")
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "password").send_keys("testpass123")

        # Solve CAPTCHA
        token = captcha_solver.solve_recaptcha(self.SITEKEY, self.LOGIN_URL)
        browser.execute_script(
            f'document.querySelector("[name=g-recaptcha-response]").value = "{token}";'
        )

        # Submit
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "login-btn").click()
        time.sleep(3)

        # Verify login success
        assert "dashboard" in browser.current_url.lower()

    def test_login_wrong_password(self, browser, captcha_solver):
        browser.get(self.LOGIN_URL)
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "username").send_keys("testuser")
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "password").send_keys("wrongpass")

        token = captcha_solver.solve_recaptcha(self.SITEKEY, self.LOGIN_URL)
        browser.execute_script(
            f'document.querySelector("[name=g-recaptcha-response]").value = "{token}";'
        )

        browser.find_element(By.ID, "login-btn").click()
        time.sleep(3)

        error = browser.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".error-message")
        assert error.is_displayed()


class TestContactForm:
    SITEKEY = "0x4AAAA..."
    FORM_URL = "https://staging.example.com/contact"

    def test_contact_form_submission(self, browser, captcha_solver):
        browser.get(self.FORM_URL)

        browser.find_element(By.ID, "name").send_keys("CI Test")
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "email").send_keys("ci@test.com")
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "message").send_keys("Automated CI test")

        token = captcha_solver.solve_turnstile(self.SITEKEY, self.FORM_URL)
        browser.execute_script(
            f'document.querySelector("[name=cf-turnstile-response]").value = "{token}";'
        )

        browser.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button[type='submit']").click()

        WebDriverWait(browser, 10).until(
            EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".success-message"))
        )

Alur Kerja Tindakan GitHub

name: E2E Tests with CAPTCHA

on:
  push:
    branches: [main, staging]
  pull_request:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  e2e-tests:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:

      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Set up Python
        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
        with:
          python-version: "3.11"

      - name: Install Chrome
        uses: browser-actions/setup-chrome@v1
        with:
          chrome-version: stable

      - name: Install ChromeDriver
        uses: nanasess/setup-chromedriver@v2

      - name: Install dependencies
        run: |
          pip install selenium requests pytest pytest-html

      - name: Run E2E tests
        env:
          CAPTCHAAI_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.CAPTCHAAI_API_KEY }}
        run: |
          pytest tests/e2e/ -v --html=report.html --self-contained-html

      - name: Upload test report
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        if: always()
        with:
          name: e2e-report
          path: report.html

Konfigurasi GitLab CI

e2e_tests:
  stage: test
  image: python:3.11
  services:

    - selenium/standalone-chrome:latest
  variables:
    SELENIUM_REMOTE_URL: "http://selenium__standalone-chrome:4444/wd/hub"
  script:

    - pip install selenium requests pytest
    - pytest tests/e2e/ -v
  artifacts:
    when: always
    reports:
      junit: report.xml

Pipa Jenkins

pipeline {
    agent any
    environment {
        CAPTCHAAI_API_KEY = credentials('captchaai-api-key')
    }
    stages {
        stage('Setup') {
            steps {
                sh 'pip install selenium requests pytest'
            }
        }
        stage('E2E Tests') {
            steps {
                sh 'pytest tests/e2e/ -v --junitxml=results.xml'
            }
        }
    }
    post {
        always {
            junit 'results.xml'
        }
    }
}

Manajemen Biaya di CI

Hanya Selesaikan Saat Dibutuhkan

import os

def should_run_captcha_tests():
    """Skip CAPTCHA tests in certain environments."""
    if os.environ.get("SKIP_CAPTCHA_TESTS"):
        return False
    if not os.environ.get("CAPTCHAAI_API_KEY"):
        return False
    return True


# In test
import pytest

@pytest.mark.skipif(
    not should_run_captcha_tests(),
    reason="CAPTCHA tests disabled or API key not set"
)
class TestWithCaptcha:
    def test_login(self, browser, captcha_solver):
        pass

Pemeriksaan Saldo Sebelum Test Suite

@pytest.fixture(scope="session", autouse=True)
def check_captcha_balance(captcha_solver):
    import requests
    resp = requests.get(
        f"{captcha_solver.BASE}/res.php",
        params={"key": captcha_solver.api_key, "action": "getbalance"},
    )
    balance = float(resp.text)
    if balance < 0.50:
        pytest.skip(f"CaptchaAI balance too low: ${balance:.2f}")

Pemecahan Masalah

Pertanyaan Umum

Haruskah setiap CI run menyelesaikan CAPTCHA?

Tidak. Jalankan pengujian CAPTCHA saat digabung ke main atau terjadwal (setiap malam). Lewati setiap PR untuk mengurangi biaya. Gunakan flag SKIP_CAPTCHA_TESTS.

Bagaimana cara menyimpan kunci API dengan aman di CI?

Gunakan manajemen secret platform CI Anda: GitHub Secrets, GitLab CI Variables, atau Jenkins Credentials. Jangan pernah hardcode kunci API.

Bisakah saya menjalankan pengujian CAPTCHA secara paralel?

Ya. Setiap pengujian mendapatkan penyelesaian CAPTCHA sendiri, dan CaptchaAI menangani request concurrent. Gunakan pytest-xdist untuk eksekusi pengujian paralel.

Panduan Terkait

• Pengujian Alur Pendaftaran
• Membangun Pipeline Pengujian Otomatis dengan CaptchaAI

Tambahkan penyelesaian CAPTCHA ke CI Anda — mulai dengan CaptchaAI.